🛡️ Sentinel: [MEDIUM] Enforce path length limit

[spf13]

🚨 Severity: MEDIUM
💡 Vulnerability: The truncateFilename function was defined in pathological.go but never actually called within the main Clean function. This meant that paths longer than the maximum length (255 characters) were not being truncated, which could lead to file system errors or minor Denial of Service (DoS) issues when creating very long paths.
🎯 Impact: Applications using this library could crash or fail when handling extremely long filenames, especially on file systems with strict length limitations.
🔧 Fix: Added a call to truncateFilename(filename) inside the Clean function to enforce the length limit on all cleaned paths. Added a test case to verify this behavior. Also logged this learning in .jules/sentinel.md.
✅ Verification: Ran go test ./... and go build ./... which pass successfully.

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 6342011263255399183 started by @spf13

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